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By admin, on February 14th, 2012
Cytoskeleton (Hoboken). 2012 Feb 10;
Hegan PS, Giral H, Levi M, Mooseker MS
Characterization of the intestinal epithelium of the Snell's waltzer (sv/sv) mouse revealed that myosin VI (Myo6) is required for proper brush border (BB) ultrastructure, composition and membrane traffic. The defects observed were distinct from that observed in the myosin Ia KO, even though Myo6 is lost from the BB in this KO. Myo6 is expressed throughout the length of the small and large intestine; it is localized to the subapical inter-microvillar (MV) domain and basolateral membrane. Defects in the BB include apparent lifting of the plasma membrane off of the actin cytoskeleton in the inter-MV region, fusion of MV, and disorganized morphology of the terminal web. The molecular composition of the sv /sv BB is altered. This includes increased expression of myosin Va, myosin Ie and the MV actin binding proteins espin and phosphorylated-ezrin; myosin Id is reduced. Changes in endocytic components include reduced clathrin and adaptinβ, and increased disabled-2. Endocytic uptake of lumenal lactoferrin is inhibited in adult, but not neonatal intestinal epithelial cells. There is increased BB membrane-associated expression of both the Na(+) /H(+) exchanger, NHE3 and the Na(+) /phosphate transporter, NaPi2b. These results suggest that Myo6 is involved in the regulated trafficking of NHE3 and NaPi2b between the BB membrane and endosome. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Myosin VI is required for maintenance of brush border structure, composition, and membrane trafficking functions in the intestinal epithelial cell.
By admin, on February 13th, 2012
By admin, on February 13th, 2012
By admin, on February 9th, 2012
Int J Cell Biol. 2012; 2012: 121424
Chifflet S, Hernández JA
The establishment and maintenance of the polarized epithelial phenotype require a characteristic organization of the cytoskeletal components. There are many cellular effectors involved in the regulation of the cytoskeleton of epithelial cells. Recently, modifications in the plasma membrane potential (PMP) have been suggested to participate in the modulation of the cytoskeletal organization of epithelia. Here, we review evidence showing that changes in the PMP of diverse epithelial cells promote characteristic modifications in the cytoskeletal organization, with a focus on the actin cytoskeleton. The molecular paths mediating these effects may include voltage-sensitive integral membrane proteins and/or peripheral proteins sensitive to surface potentials. The voltage dependence of the cytoskeletal organization seems to have implications in several physiological processes, including epithelial wound healing and apoptosis.
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The plasma membrane potential and the organization of the actin cytoskeleton of epithelial cells.
By admin, on February 9th, 2012
Int J Cell Biol. 2012; 2012: 121424
Chifflet S, Hernández JA
The establishment and maintenance of the polarized epithelial phenotype require a characteristic organization of the cytoskeletal components. There are many cellular effectors involved in the regulation of the cytoskeleton of epithelial cells. Recently, modifications in the plasma membrane potential (PMP) have been suggested to participate in the modulation of the cytoskeletal organization of epithelia. Here, we review evidence showing that changes in the PMP of diverse epithelial cells promote characteristic modifications in the cytoskeletal organization, with a focus on the actin cytoskeleton. The molecular paths mediating these effects may include voltage-sensitive integral membrane proteins and/or peripheral proteins sensitive to surface potentials. The voltage dependence of the cytoskeletal organization seems to have implications in several physiological processes, including epithelial wound healing and apoptosis.
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The plasma membrane potential and the organization of the actin cytoskeleton of epithelial cells.
By admin, on February 6th, 2012
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